This policy review includes a historical and contextual overview of international and regional policy documents on the area of internet governance as well as sexual rights, a focus on pornography and sexuality in relation to policy and regulation, an assessment of ‘terms of use’ agreements by 18 popular online social networking and content sharing platforms, an assessment of censorship and content regulation mechanisms employed in content related to sexuality, a mapping of key actors involved in policy and legislative processes in this area, an assessment of the legislative and policy landscape in Brazil, India, South Africa and the USA, recommendations and future research, an extensive bibliography as well as interview transcripts with key actors in the area of sexual rights and communication rights on the internet.